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Tahlia Peterson, who researches global technological competition for the Royal United Services Institute, believes that Beijing has the resources and patience to plant agents as long-term “moles”, spending years working their way up a firm. “China has a vast security apparatus that can be leveraged to that purpose,” she says. “It is likely to happen at lower levels, as junior employees sometimes have more ground-level knowledge, and are more ‘taskable’ as they move their way up.”

The problem is these all of these are unsophisticated cheap attacks, easy to carry out with high return on investment...weakness invites agression...and this is a toolkit Russia has practised with for many years...and overall what we are seeing is how vulnerable Euope is."

The existence of this guide shows the aspiration of terrorist groups – however remote and challenging realising that aspiration might be – to obtain a nuclear weapon capability.”