How to fight in ‘hell’: Ukraine veterans say Nato not ready for war with Russia

Dr Watling explains that “pervasive networks and sensors have made the ability to achieve surprise difficult”. Known as battlefield transparency, the modern surveillance of battlefields means that an unexpected attack is almost impossible. On top of that, “the ubiquity of precision weapons” makes concentrated forces vulnerable to “rapid attrition”. Armoured vehicles, engineering equipment, electronics warfare kit – it can all be spotted and picked off with ease, and over long distances.