Drones: Decoupling Supply Chains from China

This research paper examines MUAS supply chains, particularly the West's reliance on components of Chinese-origin. It highlights the transformative impact of drones in modern warfare, as demonstrated in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and explores the challenges NATO and Allied nations face in building resilient, sovereign drone production capabilities. The paper provides actionable recommendations to mitigate supply chain risks and enhance drone manufacturing capacity for future conflicts.

• Strengthen international cooperation: Build robust drone manufacturing alliances among NATO members and aligned democracies, focusing on coordinated production and innovation.
   
• Develop sovereign supply chains: Invest in domestic production of critical components, including semiconductors, permanent magnets and sensors, to reduce reliance on Chinese-origin materials.
   
• Standardise drone manufacturing: Focus on scalable production and standardisation to balance affordability, ruggedisation and capability.
   
• Enhance supply chain resilience: Stockpile non-China origin rare earth elements and critical materials and implement government-backed initiatives to secure supply chains.
   
• Adopt modular drone designs: Leverage flexible and adaptable drone designs to meet diverse tactical needs and enable rapid innovation.

This paper underscores the urgency for Western nations to address supply chain vulnerabilities and scale up MUAS production to ensure readiness for future peer conflicts.