Episode 14: Force Integration in 1940: Dowding’s Air Defence System
Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding’s air defence system was crucial during the Battle of Britain. The RAF Museum’s Andrew Renwick describes how it was created.
In the 1930s, Great Britain, wrestled with the challenge of achieving wide area air defence to protect against threats from continental Europe while reliant on many different elements.
ACM Hugh Dowding was tasked with solving this problem. His solution was a system that integrated detection systems, including classified intelligence sources and the new radar technology, with disaggregated command and control systems directing fighters onto the enemy. It was this 'Dowding System' that underpinned British success in the Battle of Britain.
As Winston Churchill put it: 'All the ascendancy of the Hurricanes and Spitfires would have been fruitless but for this system, which had been devised and built before the war.'
Paul and Beatrice are joined by Andrew Renwick, the curator of photographs at the Royal Air Force Museum Hendon. He is the author of RAF Hendon, Birthplace of Aerial Power, published by Flight Recorder Publications in 2021.
Recommended reading
John Terraine, Right of the Line: The Role of the RAF in World War Two, Pen & Sword, 2010.
Vincent Orange, Dowding of Fighter Command: Victor of the Battle of Britain. Grub Street, 2008.
Basil Collier, Leader of the Few: the authorised biography of Air Chief Marshal Lord Dowding of Bentley Priory. Jarrolds, 1957.
Understanding the Dowding System, a Briefing Paper by the Association of RAF Fighter Control Officers, https://www.raffca.uk/art_UnderstandingTheDowdingSystem.php
T. C. G. James, The Growth of Fighter Command 1936-1940, Air Defence of Great Britain Vol. I (Royal Air Force Official Histories, Air Historical Branch), Routledge, 2001.
HOSTS
Paul O’Neill CBE
RUSI Senior Associate Fellow, Military Sciences
Professor Beatrice Heuser
RUSI Senior Associate Fellow, Military Sciences
